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Music for the Royal Fireworks
The Music for the Royal Fireworks (HWV 351) is a wind band suite composed by George Frideric Handel in 1749 under contract of George II of Great Britain for the fireworks in London's Green Park on 27 April 1749. It was to celebrate the end of the War of the Austrian Succession and the signing of the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748.
== Rehearsal and final production ==
During the preparations Handel and John Montagu, responsible for the Royal Fireworks, had an argument about adding violins.. The duke made clear to Handel that the King George II had a preference for only wind instruments and drums. Handel left out the string instruments and against his will there was also a full rehearsal of the music at Vauxhall Gardens and not in Green Park. On 21 April 1749 over twelve thousand people, each paying 2/6 (that is, two shillings and six pence) rushed for it, causing a three-hour traffic jam of carriages on the London Bridge, the only route to the area south of the river.
Six days later, on 27 April, the performing musicians were in a specially constructed building that had been designed by Servandoni, a theatre designer, who used four Italians to assist him.〔Jacob Simon (1985) Handel, a celebration of his life and times, 1685–1759, p. 212. National Portrait Gallery (Great Britain).〕 Andrea Casali and Andrea Soldi designed the decorations. The fireworks themselves were devised and controlled by Gaetana Ruggieri and Giuseppe Sarti, both from Bologna.〔"The Ruggieri family represents one of the longest surviving dynasties in the pyrotechnical trade; they later fired the celebrations for the French Revolution and were still around to supervise the display in New York Harbour when the Statue of Liberty was re-dedicated in 1986." Christopher Hogwood (2005) ''Handel: water music and music for the royal fireworks'' Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 80 ISBN 978-0-521-83636-4〕〔Great Britain. Board of Ordnance ''A description of the machine for the fireworks, with all its ornaments, and a detail of the manner in which they are to be exhibited in St. James's Park, Thursday, April 27, 1749, on account of the general peace, signed at Aix La Chapelle, October 7, 1748. Published by order of His Majesty's Board of Ordnance''. London: printed by W. Bowyer, sold by R. Dodsley, and M. Cooper. 1749.〕 Charles Frederick was the controller, captain Thomas Desaguliers was the chief fire master. The display was not as successful as the music itself: the weather was rainy and in the middle of the show the right pavilion caught fire.
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